Top spenders on research and development, 2015

Universities in the United States reported research and development expenditures of $68.8 billion in fiscal year 2015, the National Science Foundation says. That is a 2.2 percent increase from the 2014 total of $67.4 billion, according to the findings of the foundation's Higher Education Research and Development Survey.

The $68.8 billion "represents the reported total R&D expenditures of 906 degree-granting institutions that spent at least $150,000 in R&D in the previous fiscal year," the survey says.

Here are the 10 higher-education institutions with the most R&D spending in 2015.